Abstract: In this paper, the theory of continental sedimentology of coal-bearing basins is applied, the geological significance of the coal formation form reflected by the seismic response is revealed through the understanding of the geological significance of seismic reflection characteristics. Combined with drilling , logging and other data, an initial model is constructed , and the physical properties of coal seam reflected waves are inverted. The connection between seismic data and the macrostructure of complex coal seam is constructed , and the occurrence form of coal seam is described.