Abstract: The old construction possibly appears some situations such as cracks, inclines or the inhomogeneous settlement.Through the detection and appraisal of housing and conclusions based on detection and appraisal of the corresponding reinforcement, can reduce or avoid building collapse accident.This article focuses on and analyzes the test items, bearing capacity, Cracks and security identification and analysis of a typical five-story brick residential building.It may provide some countermeasure to the similar work.