Abstract: Nam Ngum 4 hydropower Station is located on the Nam Ngum River in Laos. It is a large (2) type RCC gravity dam. The height of the maximum dam is 74m, the length of the maximum dam is 228m, and the total installed capacity is 240MW. The engineering area crosses the junction of the East Indochinese plate and the West Indochinese plate, forming a very complex tectonic pattern. We analyzed the tectonic background, the main tectonic fault zone activity and seismic activity characteristics. The results show that there is no seismic record of magnitude 7 or above in the hydropower station engineering area, the structural activity is weak, the engineering area is in a relatively stable tectonic block, and the regional structural stability is generally good.