Abstract: High-density electrical method is one of the main methods of shallow geophysical exploration, and it has been widely used in shallow fault detection. In order to compare the electrical structure response of different faults, 14 geoelectric models of 7 types, including a vertical fault, inclined fault, concealed vertical fault, concealed inclined fault, concealed fault in laminar formation, vertical fault fracture zone and inclined fault fracture zone were built. Based on finite difference method and least square method, forward and inversion imaging numerical simulation of fault model was carried out. Research shows that in Wenn-Schlum length setting of all kinds of fault models, the high and low resistance interface is in good agreement with the actual fault plane or the resistivity anomaly is in good agreement with the actual fracture zone, followed by pole-dipole setting. The effect of dipole-dipole setting on the detection of the fault zone and the vertical fault is better than Wenn-Schlum length setting. For the concealed fault in laminar formation, the detection results and fault abnormal manifestation in each device are basically consistent.