Abstract: Based on the plane wave hypothesis, the Tikhonov regularization method is used to invert the energy distribution of the ambient noise source with azimuth Angle. The solutions are evaluated from the perspectives of data resolution matrix, model resolution matrix and unit covariance matrix. Through numerical experiments, the effects of velocity model, noise source energy distribution model and period on the estimation of the solution are studied respectively. From different perspectives, the Tikhonov regularization method is proved to be an effective and stable inversion method in the inversion of the azimuth distribution of the background noise energy