Abstract: Xin ding basin is an important seismic area in Shanxi seismic belt. Several strong earthquakes occured in recent thousands years in the basin. In this paper, the active fault,the lithologic character of shallow sediment, the geomorphy and the depth of ground water table are studied. The hazard of strong earthquakes in history indicates that its distribution has a close relation to geological conditions. Among these geological conditions, topography and lithology of shallow sediment affect the earthquake hazard more obviously. Based on the studies of geological conditions and historical earthquake hazard, possible earthquake hazard in the future is predicted.